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Strategic Decision Support

Scenario Modelling for Cost & Profitability

Strategic Decision Support Scenario Modelling for Cost & Profitability Test a price move, a dropped line or a capacity shift on your cost model before acting. How scenario modelling works with TDABC. How to model business scenarios before deciding Every significant business decision is a bet on a number you cannot yet see - what […]

Strategic Decision Support

Scenario Modelling for Cost & Profitability

Test a price move, a dropped line or a capacity shift on your cost model before acting. How scenario modelling works with TDABC.

How to model business scenarios before deciding

Every significant business decision is a bet on a number you cannot yet see - what profit will look like after the price rise, the dropped line, the new channel. Scenario modelling is simply making that bet on a model first, where being wrong costs nothing. The catch is that a scenario is only as honest as the cost engine behind it: scale a flat average and you get a flattering, useless answer.

A base case is branched into three scenarios, each recalculated through the activity model to show a different profit and capacity outcome.Base caselive modelA · Price +3%margin +6 pts · volume −1%B · Drop tailmargin +3 pts · revenue −2%C · New channelmargin −1 pt · needs capacity
FIG 61.1 · Each branch recalculates from activity, so volume and mix changes cost honestly. Illustrative.

A good scenario exercise has a shape:

  • Anchor on the base case - the current true-cost model, agreed as the starting point.
  • Change one big lever per scenario - price, mix, capacity, footprint - so the cause of each result is unambiguous.
  • Read profit and capacity together - a scenario that lifts margin but breaks capacity is not a win.
  • Keep it to a handful - three sharp scenarios beat thirty tweaks no one can compare.

Because TDABC ties cost to activity, the model recalculates as volumes and mix shift, instead of pretending cost scales in a straight line. That is the difference between a scenario you can bet on and a spreadsheet that simply agrees with you.

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Frequently asked questions

How do I model business scenarios before deciding?
You model business scenarios by running proposed changes - a price move, a dropped line, a new channel, a capacity shift - through a cost model that already holds true cost per product and customer, so you read the profit, margin and capacity impact before acting. A TDABC model suits this because cost moves with activity, so a change in volume or mix recalculates honestly rather than scaling a flat average. The discipline is to test a few sharply different scenarios, not dozens of tweaks. The goal is simple: fail on the model, not in the market.
References

Sources

Canonical works behind this method. Each opens in a new tab.

  1. Paper
    Scenarios: Uncharted Waters AheadWack, P. (1985). Harvard Business Review 63(5).
    Seminal account of Shell's scenario method for decisions under deep uncertainty.
  2. Paper
    Scenario Planning: A Tool for Strategic ThinkingSchoemaker, P. J. H. (1995). Sloan Management Review 36(2).
    Step-by-step method for building and using a small set of sharply distinct scenarios.
  3. BookWidely cited practitioner guide to scenario construction.
  4. Paper
    Time-Driven Activity-Based CostingKaplan, R. S. & Anderson, S. R. (2004). Harvard Business Review 82(11).
    The founding article defining TDABC and its two-parameter model.
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Miguel Guimarães, Founding Partner

Cost and profitability practitioner for 25+ years. Lectured alongside Professor Robert S. Kaplan at the CFO conference in Amsterdam (2009).

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Miguel Guimarães

Reviewed by

Miguel Guimarães

Founding Partner, Cost and Profitability Consulting

More than 150 Time-Driven ABC engagements across 11 sectors since 2010, working within the Kaplan and Anderson framework.

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